Class 11 Geography: Climate — Chapter Question Set

(c) North-Eastern monsoon — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

(b) One-third — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

(d) Extreme climatic conditions are found here. — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

(a) High pressure develops over North-western India due to low
temperatures. — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

a) different from the winters — The textbook states: Your uniform during the summer is different from the winters.

d) India — The textbook states: Why do you wear lighter clothes during summers and heavy woollen clothes during winters in north India?

c) India — The textbook states: In southern India, woollen clothes are not required.

b) mild except in the hills — The textbook states: In northeastern states, winters are mild except in the hills.

a) humidity and precipitation, etc.) — The textbook states: These changes occur due to the changes in the elements of weather (temperature, pressure, wind direction and velocity, humidity and precipitation, etc.).

d) the momentary state of the atmosphere while c — The textbook states: Weather is the momentary state of the atmosphere while climate refers to the average of the weather conditions over a longer period of time.

c) 50 years — The textbook states: W eather changes quickly, may be within a day or week but climate changes imperceptively and may be noted after 50 years or even more.

b) in your earlier classes — The textbook states: You have alr eady studied about the monsoon in your earlier classes.

a) the direction of winds — The textbook states: Monsoon connotes the climate associated with seasonal reversal in the direction of winds.

d) Asia — The textbook states: India has hot monsoonal climate which is the prevalent climate in south and southeast Asia.

c) THE MONSOON CLIMATE The — The textbook states: UNITY AND DIVERSITY IN THE MONSOON CLIMATE The monsoon regime emphasises the unity of India with the rest of southeast Asian region.

b) India — The textbook states: This view of broad unity of the monsoon type of climate should not, however , lead one to ignore its regional variations which differentiate the weather and climate of different regions of India.

a) Kerala — The textbook states: For example, the climate of Kerala and Tamil Nadu in the south are so different from that of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar in the north, and yet all of these have a monsoon type of climate.

d) India — The textbook states: The climate of India has many regional variations expressed in the pattern of winds, temperature and rainfall, rhythm of seasons and the degree of wetness or dryness.

c) sub-types of monsoon climate — The textbook states: These regional diversities may be described as sub-types of monsoon climate.

b) temperature, winds and rainfall — The textbook states: Let us take a closer look at these regional variations in temperature, winds and rainfall.

a) Rajasthan — The textbook states: While in the summer the mercury occasionally touches 55 °°C in the western Rajasthan, it drops down to as low as minus 45 °°C in winter around Leh.

d) Rajasthan — The textbook states: Churu in Rajasthan may record a temperature of 50°°C or more on a June day while the mercury hardly touches 19 °°C in Tawang (Arunachal Pradesh) on the same day.

c) December — The textbook states: On a December night, temperature in Drass (Ladakh) may drop down to minus 45°°C while Thiruvananthapuram or Chennai on the same night records 20°°C or 22°°C.

b) India — The textbook states: These examples confirm that there are seasonal variations in temperature from place to place and from region to region in India.

a) no less striking — The textbook states: Not only this, if we take only a single place and record the temperature for just one day, variations are no less striking.

d) Andaman Islands — The textbook states: In Kerala and in the Andaman Islands, the difference between day and night temperatures may be hardly seven or eight degree Celsius.

c) Thar — The textbook states: But in the Thar desert, if the day temperature is around 50°°C, at night, it may drop down considerably upto 15°°-20°°C.

b) Now — The textbook states: CLIMATE CHAPTER 29CLIMATE Now, let us see the regional variations in precipitation.

a) Himalayas — The textbook states: While snowfall occurs in the Himalayas, it only rains over the rest of the country.

d) noticeable not only in the type of precipitat — The textbook states: Similarly, variations are noticeable not only in the type of precipitation but also in its amount.

c) 1,080 cm — The textbook states: While Cherrapunji and Mawsynram in the Khasi Hills of Meghalaya receive rainfall over 1,080 cm in a year, Jaisalmer in Rajasthan rarely gets more than 9 cm of rainfall during the same period.

b) 10 years — The textbook states: Tura situated in the Garo Hills of Meghalaya may receive an amount of rainfall in a single day which is equal to 10 years of rainfall at Jaisalmer .

a) 10 cm — The textbook states: While the annual precipitation is less than 10 cm in the northwest Himalayas and the western deserts, it exceeds 400 cm in Meghalaya.

d) Odisha — The textbook states: The Ganga delta and the coastal plains of Odisha are hit by strong rain-bearing storms almost every third or fifth day in July and August while the Coromandal coast, a thousand km to the south, goes generally dry during these months.

c) JuneSeptember — The textbook states: Most parts of the country get rainfall during JuneSeptember, but on the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu, it rains in the beginning of the winter season.

b) India — The textbook states: In spite of these differences and variations, the climate of India is monsoonal in rhythm and character.

a) OF INDIA India — The textbook states: FACTORS DETERMINING THE CLIMATE OF INDIA India’s climate is controlled by a number of factors.

d) You — The textbook states: Latitude : You already know the latitudinal and longitudinal extent of the land of India.

c) Cancer — The textbook states: You also know that the T ropic of Cancer passes through the central part of India in east-west direction.

b) India — The textbook states: Thus, northern part of the India lies in sub-tropical and temperate zone and the part lying south of the T ropic of Cancer falls in the tropical zone.

a) daily and annual range — The textbook states: The tropical zone being near er to the equator , experiences high temperatures throughout the year with small daily and annual range.

d) Cancer — The textbook states: Area north of the T ropic of Cancer being away from the equator, experiences extreme climate with high daily and annual range of temperature.

c) Himalayas — The textbook states: The Himalayan Mountains : The lofty Himalayas in the north along with its extensions act as an effective climatic divide.

b) the cold northern winds — The textbook states: The towering mountain chain provides an invincible shield to protect the subcontinent from the cold northern winds.

a) Arctic — The textbook states: These cold and chilly winds originate near the Arctic circle and blow across central and eastern Asia.

d) moisture within the subcontinent — The textbook states: The Himalayas also trap the monsoon winds, forcing them to shed their moisture within the subcontinent.

c) Land — The textbook states: Distribution of Land and W ater : India is flanked by the Indian Ocean on three sides in the south and girdled by a high and continuous mountain-wall in the north.

b) or cools down slowly — The textbook states: As compared to the landmass, water heats up or cools down slowly.

a) Indian — The textbook states: This differential heating of land and sea creates different air pressure zones in different seasons in and around the Indian subcontinent.

d) direction of monsoon winds — The textbook states: Difference in air pressure causes reversal in the direction of monsoon winds.

Thus, northern part of the India lies in sub-tropical and temperate zone and the part lying south of the T ropic of Cancer falls in the tropical zone. The tropical zone being near er to the equator , experiences high temperatures throughout the year with small daily and annual range. Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low pressure zone located at the equator where trade winds converge, and so, it is a zone where air tends to ascend.

UNITY AND DIVERSITY IN THE MONSOON CLIMATE The monsoon regime emphasises the unity of India with the rest of southeast Asian region. This view of broad unity of the monsoon type of climate should not, however , lead one to ignore its regional variations which differentiate the weather and climate of different regions of India. EI-Nino is used in India for forecasting long range monsoon rainfall.

Rainfall : Winter monsoons do not cause rainfall as they move from land to the sea. However, there are some exceptions to it: (i) In northwestern India, some weak temperate cyclones from the Mediterranean sea cause rainfall in Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and western Uttar Pradesh. (vii) Winter rainfall by temperate cyclones in north India is highly beneficial for rabi crops.

Your uniform during the summer is different from the winters.

Why do you wear lighter clothes during summers and heavy woollen clothes during winters in north India?

In southern India, woollen clothes are not required.

In northeastern states, winters are mild except in the hills.

There are variations in weather conditions during different seasons.

These changes occur due to the changes in the elements of weather (temperature, pressure, wind direction and velocity, humidity and precipitation, etc.).

Weather is the momentary state of the atmosphere while climate refers to the average of the weather conditions over a longer period of time.

W eather changes quickly, may be within a day or week but climate changes imperceptively and may be noted after 50 years or even more.

You have alr eady studied about the monsoon in your earlier classes.

You are also aware of the meaning of the word, “monsoon”.

Monsoon connotes the climate associated with seasonal reversal in the direction of winds.

India has hot monsoonal climate which is the prevalent climate in south and southeast Asia.

UNITY AND DIVERSITY IN THE MONSOON CLIMATE The monsoon regime emphasises the unity of India with the rest of southeast Asian region.

This view of broad unity of the monsoon type of climate should not, however , lead one to ignore its regional variations which differentiate the weather and climate of different regions of India.

For example, the climate of Kerala and Tamil Nadu in the south are so different from that of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar in the north, and yet all of these have a monsoon type of climate.

The climate of India has many regional variations expressed in the pattern of winds, temperature and rainfall, rhythm of seasons and the degree of wetness or dryness.

These regional diversities may be described as sub-types of monsoon climate.

Let us take a closer look at these regional variations in temperature, winds and rainfall.

While in the summer the mercury occasionally touches 55 °°C in the western Rajasthan, it drops down to as low as minus 45 °°C in winter around Leh.

Churu in Rajasthan may record a temperature of 50°°C or more on a June day while the mercury hardly touches 19 °°C in Tawang (Arunachal Pradesh) on the same day.

On a December night, temperature in Drass (Ladakh) may drop down to minus 45°°C while Thiruvananthapuram or Chennai on the same night records 20°°C or 22°°C.

These examples confirm that there are seasonal variations in temperature from place to place and from region to region in India.

India has hot monsoonal climate which is the prevalent climate in south and southeast Asia. UNITY AND DIVERSITY IN THE MONSOON CLIMATE The monsoon regime emphasises the unity of India with the rest of southeast Asian region. This view of broad unity of the monsoon type of climate should not, however , lead one to ignore its regional variations which differentiate the weather and climate of different regions of India. The climate of India has many regional variations expressed in the pattern of winds, temperature and rainfall, rhythm of seasons and the degree of wetness or dryness. These examples confirm that there are seasonal variations in temperature from place to place and from region to region in India. CLIMATE CHAPTER 29CLIMATE Now, let us see the regional variations in precipitation. In spite of these differences and variations, the climate of India is monsoonal in rhythm and character.

There are variations in weather conditions during different seasons. This view of broad unity of the monsoon type of climate should not, however , lead one to ignore its regional variations which differentiate the weather and climate of different regions of India. The climate of India has many regional variations expressed in the pattern of winds, temperature and rainfall, rhythm of seasons and the degree of wetness or dryness. THE RHYTHM OF SEASONS The climatic conditions of India can best be described in terms of an annual cycle of seasons. The meteorologists recognise the following four seasons : (i) the cold weather season (ii) the hot weather season (iii) the southwest monsoon season (iv) the retreating monsoon season. In Punjab and Bihar , rainfall r emains The Peninsular region of India, however, does not have any well-defined cold weather season. The hot weather season in south India is mild and not so intense as found in north India.

Your uniform during the summer is different from the winters. Your uniform during the summer is different from the winters. Why do you wear lighter clothes during summers and heavy woollen clothes during winters in north India? In southern India, woollen clothes are not required.

Why do you wear lighter clothes during summers and heavy woollen clothes during winters in north India? Your uniform during the summer is different from the winters. Why do you wear lighter clothes during summers and heavy woollen clothes during winters in north India? In southern India, woollen clothes are not required. In northeastern states, winters are mild except in the hills.

In southern India, woollen clothes are not required. Why do you wear lighter clothes during summers and heavy woollen clothes during winters in north India? In southern India, woollen clothes are not required. In northeastern states, winters are mild except in the hills. There are variations in weather conditions during different seasons.

In northeastern states, winters are mild except in the hills. In southern India, woollen clothes are not required. In northeastern states, winters are mild except in the hills. There are variations in weather conditions during different seasons. These changes occur due to the changes in the elements of weather (temperature, pressure, wind direction and velocity, humidity and precipitation, etc.).

There are variations in weather conditions during different seasons. In northeastern states, winters are mild except in the hills. There are variations in weather conditions during different seasons. These changes occur due to the changes in the elements of weather (temperature, pressure, wind direction and velocity, humidity and precipitation, etc.). Weather is the momentary state of the atmosphere while climate refers to the average of the weather conditions over a longer period of time.