Class 11 Political Science: Executive — Chapter Question Set

(d) Executive that is dependent on support of the majority in the parliament — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

(b) State Civil office located either at the national Services capital or elsewhere in the country iii. Works in a particular State to which — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

(d) Leader of the alliance or party that has the support of the majority in Lok Sabha — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

b) Indian Constitution — The textbook states: 78 Indian Constitution at Work Chapter Four EXECUTIVE INTRODUCTION Legislature, executive and judiciary are the three organs of government.

a) welfare of the people — The textbook states: Together, they perform the functions of the government, maintain law and order and look after the welfare of the people.

d) a balance among themselves — The textbook states: The Constitution ensures that they work in coordination with each other and maintain a balance among themselves.

c) interdependent — The textbook states: In a parliamentary system, executive and the legislature are interdependent: the legislature controls the executive, and, in turn, is controlled by the executive.

b) organ of the government — The textbook states: In this chapter we shall discuss the composition, structure and function of the executive organ of the government.

a) due to political practice — The textbook states: This chapter will also tell you about the changes that have occurred in recent times due to political practice.

d) Chapter — The textbook states: 79 Chapter 4: Executive WHAT IS AN EXECUTIVE?

c) school or a university? — The textbook states: Who takes important decisions in a school or a university?

b) and implement those decisions — The textbook states: In any organisation, some office holder has to take decisions and implement those decisions.

a) the routine administrative functioning — The textbook states: But administration requires a body at the top that will take policy decisions or the big decisions and supervise and coordinate the routine administrative functioning.

d) banks or industrial units — The textbook states: You may have heard about the executives of big companies, banks or industrial units.

c) executives of that organisation — The textbook states: Every formal group has a body of those who function as the chief administrators or the executives of that organisation.

b) functioning of the organisation — The textbook states: Some office holders decide the policies and rules and regulations and then some office holders implement those decisions in actual day-to-day functioning of the organisation.

a) regulations in actual practice — The textbook states: The word executive means a body of persons that looks after the implementation of rules and regulations in actual practice.

d) of implementing those rules — The textbook states: In the case of government also, one body may take policy decisions and decide about rules and regulations, while the other one would be in charge of implementing those rules.

c) called the executive — The textbook states: The organ of government that primarily looks after the function of implementation and administration is called the executive.

b) the branch of government responsible for the — The textbook states: Executive is the branch of government responsible for the implementation of laws and policies adopted by the legislature.

a) from country to country — The textbook states: The official designations of the executive vary from country to country.

d) while others have chancellors — The textbook states: Some countries have presidents, while others have chancellors.

c) not just about presidents — The textbook states: The executive branch is not just about presidents, prime ministers and ministers.

b) together known as the political executive — The textbook states: While the heads of government and their ministers, saddled with the overall responsibility of government policy, are together known as the political executive, those responsible for day to day administration are called the permanent executive.

a) Indian Constitution — The textbook states: 80 Indian Constitution at Work WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF EXECUTIVE?

d) same type of executive — The textbook states: Every country may not have the same type of executive.

c) President — The textbook states: Y ou may have heard about the President of the USA and the Queen of England.

b) President — The textbook states: But the powers and functions of the President of the USA are very different from the powers of the President of India.

a) Queen — The textbook states: Similarly, the powers of the Queen of England are different from the powers of the King of Bhutan.

d) France — The textbook states: Both India and France have prime ministers, but their roles are differ ent from each other.

c) SAARC — The textbook states: Activity Procure a photograph of the SAARC summit meeting or the meeting of G-7 countries and list those who attended the meeting.

b) attending the meeting? — The textbook states: Can you imagine why those people and not some others are attending the meeting?

a) some of these countries — The textbook states: To answer this question we will briefly outline the nature of executive existing in some of these countries.

d) in the hands of the president — The textbook states: The USA has a presidential system and executive powers are in the hands of the president.

c) Queen Elizabeth II — The textbook states: Canada has a parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarchy where Queen Elizabeth II is the formal chief of state and the prime minister is the head of government.

b) a part of the semipresidential system — The textbook states: In France, both the president and the prime minister are a part of the semipresidential system.

a) responsible to the parliament — The textbook states: The president appoints the prime minister as well as the ministers but cannot dismiss them as they are responsible to the parliament.

d) Emperor — The textbook states: Japan has a parliamentary system with the Emperor as the head of the state and the prime minister as the head of government.

c) the head of government — The textbook states: Italy has a parliamentary system with the president as the formal head of state and the prime minister as the head of government.

b) the head of state and prime minister — The textbook states: Russia has a semi-presidential system where president is the head of state and prime minister , who is appointed by the president, is the head of government.

a) the ceremonial head of state and the chancell — The textbook states: Germany has a parliamentary system in which president is the ceremonial head of state and the chancellor is the head of government.

d) Head — The textbook states: In a presidential system, the president is the Head of state as well as head of government.

c) very powerful — The textbook states: In this system the office of president is very powerful, both in theory and practice.

b) United States — The textbook states: Countries with such a system include the United States, Brazil and most nations in Latin America.

a) 1978 — The textbook states: 81 Chapter 4: Executive 82 Indian Constitution at Work Semi-Presidential Executive in Sri Lanka In 1978 the constitution of Sri Lanka was amended and the system of Executive Presidency was introduced.

d) Executive Presidency — The textbook states: Under the system of Executive Presidency, people directly elect the President.

c) President — The textbook states: It may happen that both the President and the Prime Minister belong to the same political party or to different political parties.

b) Prime Minister — The textbook states: The President chooses the Prime Minister from the party that has a majority in the Parliament.

a) Parliament — The textbook states: Though ministers must be members of the Parliament, the President has the power to r emove the Prime Minister , or ministers.

d) Head — The textbook states: Apart fr om being the elected Head of State and the Commander -inChief of the Armed Forces, the President is also the Head of the Government.

The president appoints the prime minister as well as the ministers but cannot dismiss them as they are responsible to the parliament. Though ministers must be members of the Parliament, the President has the power to r emove the Prime Minister , or ministers. In the four parliamentary elections held from 1989 to 1998, no single party or coalition attained President’s role in choosing the Prime Minister After 1977, party politics in India became more competitive and there have been many instances when no party had clear majority in the Lok Sabha.

Canada has a parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarchy where Queen Elizabeth II is the formal chief of state and the prime minister is the head of government. Japan has a parliamentary system with the Emperor as the head of the state and the prime minister as the head of government. In such a situation, the President has to use his own discretion in judging who really may have the support of the majority or who can actually form and run the government.

Both India and France have prime ministers, but their roles are differ ent from each other. In the four parliamentary elections held from 1989 to 1998, no single party or coalition attained President’s role in choosing the Prime Minister After 1977, party politics in India became more competitive and there have been many instances when no party had clear majority in the Lok Sabha. Besides, when no party has a clear majority, the President has the additional responsibility of making a choice and appointing the Prime Minister to run the government of the country.

Provided that the President may require the Council of Ministers to reconsider such advice….., and the President shall act in accordance with the advice tendered after such reconsideration. In view of the controversy about the scope of the President’s powers, a specific mention was made in the Constitution by an amendment that the advice of the Council of Ministers will be binding on the President. In a parliamentary system, these powers are in reality used by the President only on the advice of the Council of Ministers.

In a parliamentary system, executive and the legislature are interdependent: the legislature controls the executive, and, in turn, is controlled by the executive. The USA has a presidential system and executive powers are in the hands of the president. In the parliamentary form there are many mechanisms that ensure that the executive will be answerable to and controlled by the legislature or people’s representatives.

This chapter will also tell you about the changes that have occurred in recent times due to political practice. But administration requires a body at the top that will take policy decisions or the big decisions and supervise and coordinate the routine administrative functioning. While the heads of government and their ministers, saddled with the overall responsibility of government policy, are together known as the political executive, those responsible for day to day administration are called the permanent executive.

This chapter will also tell you about the changes that have occurred in recent times due to political practice. Elected for a term of six years, the President cannot be removed except by a resolution in the parliament passed by at least two-thirds of the total number of Members of Parliament. Imagine further that after attempts to forge alliances, two or three leaders are claiming that they have the support of the majority in the house.

78 Indian Constitution at Work Chapter Four EXECUTIVE INTRODUCTION Legislature, executive and judiciary are the three organs of government.

Together, they perform the functions of the government, maintain law and order and look after the welfare of the people.

The Constitution ensures that they work in coordination with each other and maintain a balance among themselves.

In a parliamentary system, executive and the legislature are interdependent: the legislature controls the executive, and, in turn, is controlled by the executive.

In this chapter we shall discuss the composition, structure and function of the executive organ of the government.

This chapter will also tell you about the changes that have occurred in recent times due to political practice.

79 Chapter 4: Executive WHAT IS AN EXECUTIVE?

Who is in char ge of the administration of your school?

Who takes important decisions in a school or a university?

In any organisation, some office holder has to take decisions and implement those decisions.

W e call this activity administration or management.

But administration requires a body at the top that will take policy decisions or the big decisions and supervise and coordinate the routine administrative functioning.

You may have heard about the executives of big companies, banks or industrial units.

Every formal group has a body of those who function as the chief administrators or the executives of that organisation.

Some office holders decide the policies and rules and regulations and then some office holders implement those decisions in actual day-to-day functioning of the organisation.

The word executive means a body of persons that looks after the implementation of rules and regulations in actual practice.

In the case of government also, one body may take policy decisions and decide about rules and regulations, while the other one would be in charge of implementing those rules.

The organ of government that primarily looks after the function of implementation and administration is called the executive.

78 Indian Constitution at Work Chapter Four EXECUTIVE INTRODUCTION Legislature, executive and judiciary are the three organs of government. 78 Indian Constitution at Work Chapter Four EXECUTIVE INTRODUCTION Legislature, executive and judiciary are the three organs of government. Together, they perform the functions of the government, maintain law and order and look after the welfare of the people. The Constitution ensures that they work in coordination with each other and maintain a balance among themselves.

Together, they perform the functions of the government, maintain law and order and look after the welfare of the people. 78 Indian Constitution at Work Chapter Four EXECUTIVE INTRODUCTION Legislature, executive and judiciary are the three organs of government. Together, they perform the functions of the government, maintain law and order and look after the welfare of the people. The Constitution ensures that they work in coordination with each other and maintain a balance among themselves. In a parliamentary system, executive and the legislature are interdependent: the legislature controls the executive, and, in turn, is controlled by the executive.

The Constitution ensures that they work in coordination with each other and maintain a balance among themselves. Together, they perform the functions of the government, maintain law and order and look after the welfare of the people. The Constitution ensures that they work in coordination with each other and maintain a balance among themselves. In a parliamentary system, executive and the legislature are interdependent: the legislature controls the executive, and, in turn, is controlled by the executive. In this chapter we shall discuss the composition, structure and function of the executive organ of the government.

In a parliamentary system, executive and the legislature are interdependent: the legislature controls the executive, and, in turn, is controlled by the executive. The Constitution ensures that they work in coordination with each other and maintain a balance among themselves. In a parliamentary system, executive and the legislature are interdependent: the legislature controls the executive, and, in turn, is controlled by the executive. In this chapter we shall discuss the composition, structure and function of the executive organ of the government. This chapter will also tell you about the changes that have occurred in recent times due to political practice.

In this chapter we shall discuss the composition, structure and function of the executive organ of the government. In a parliamentary system, executive and the legislature are interdependent: the legislature controls the executive, and, in turn, is controlled by the executive. In this chapter we shall discuss the composition, structure and function of the executive organ of the government. This chapter will also tell you about the changes that have occurred in recent times due to political practice. 79 Chapter 4: Executive WHAT IS AN EXECUTIVE?

This chapter will also tell you about the changes that have occurred in recent times due to political practice. In this chapter we shall discuss the composition, structure and function of the executive organ of the government. This chapter will also tell you about the changes that have occurred in recent times due to political practice. 79 Chapter 4: Executive WHAT IS AN EXECUTIVE? Who is in char ge of the administration of your school?

79 Chapter 4: Executive WHAT IS AN EXECUTIVE? This chapter will also tell you about the changes that have occurred in recent times due to political practice. 79 Chapter 4: Executive WHAT IS AN EXECUTIVE? Who is in char ge of the administration of your school? Who takes important decisions in a school or a university?