The Ailing Planet: the Green Movement's Role Questions & Answers | Class 11 English | CBSE NCERT

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1. Q1. The world's first nationwide Green party was founded in (a) 1972 in New Zealand (b) 1994 in India (c) 1987 in Norway (d) 1968 in Zambia

The following article was written by Nani Palkhivala and published in The Indian Express on 24 November 1994. The issues that he raised regarding the declining health of the earth continue to have relevance. One cannot recall any movement in world history which has gripped the imagination of the entire human race so completely and so rapidly as the Green Movement which started nearly twenty-five years ago. In 1972 the world's first nationwide Green party was founded in New Zealand. Since then, the movement has not looked back.

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2. Q2. Nani Palkhivala's article discussed here was published in The Indian Express on (a) 24 November 1972 (b) 24 November 1994 (c) 5 January 2005 (d) 1 January 1987

The following article was written by Nani Palkhivala and published in The Indian Express on 24 November 1994. The issues that he raised regarding the declining health of the earth continue to have relevance. One cannot recall any movement in world history which has gripped the imagination of the entire human race so completely and so rapidly as the Green Movement which started nearly twenty-five years ago. In 1972 the world's first nationwide Green party was founded in New Zealand. Since then, the movement has not looked back.

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3. Q3. The remark that the issues raised by the article "continue to have relevance" implies that (a) the article is now out of date (b) the environmental problems it raised remain unresolved even decades later (c) the Green Movement has failed everywhere (d) the article won a literary prize

The following article was written by Nani Palkhivala and published in The Indian Express on 24 November 1994. The issues that he raised regarding the declining health of the earth continue to have relevance. One cannot recall any movement in world history which has gripped the imagination of the entire human race so completely and so rapidly as the Green Movement which started nearly twenty-five years ago. In 1972 the world's first nationwide Green party was founded in New Zealand. Since then, the movement has not looked back.

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4. Q4. In "gripped the imagination of the entire human race so completely", the word 'gripped' most nearly means (a) released (b) captured (c) loosened (d) threatened

The following article was written by Nani Palkhivala and published in The Indian Express on 24 November 1994. The issues that he raised regarding the declining health of the earth continue to have relevance. One cannot recall any movement in world history which has gripped the imagination of the entire human race so completely and so rapidly as the Green Movement which started nearly twenty-five years ago. In 1972 the world's first nationwide Green party was founded in New Zealand. Since then, the movement has not looked back.

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5. Q5. The writer's claim that no movement in world history spread so completely and so rapidly as the Green Movement highlights the movement's (a) unpopularity among the poor (b) unprecedented speed and worldwide appeal (c) dependence on political parties (d) enormous wealth

The following article was written by Nani Palkhivala and published in The Indian Express on 24 November 1994. The issues that he raised regarding the declining health of the earth continue to have relevance. One cannot recall any movement in world history which has gripped the imagination of the entire human race so completely and so rapidly as the Green Movement which started nearly twenty-five years ago. In 1972 the world's first nationwide Green party was founded in New Zealand. Since then, the movement has not looked back.

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6. Q6. The Green Movement had started nearly ______ before the article was published. (a) ten years (b) twenty-five years (c) fifty years (d) forty-four years

The following article was written by Nani Palkhivala and published in The Indian Express on 24 November 1994. The issues that he raised regarding the declining health of the earth continue to have relevance. One cannot recall any movement in world history which has gripped the imagination of the entire human race so completely and so rapidly as the Green Movement which started nearly twenty-five years ago. In 1972 the world's first nationwide Green party was founded in New Zealand. Since then, the movement has not looked back.

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7. Q1. The shift from the mechanistic view to the holistic and ecological view is compared to Copernicus's revolution because both (a) were opposed by the church (b) radically changed the way humans perceived the world (c) concerned the movement of planets (d) took place in the sixteenth century

We have shifted — one hopes, irrevocably — from the mechanistic view to a holistic and ecological view of the world. It is a shift in human perceptions as revolutionary as that introduced by Copernicus who taught mankind in the sixteenth century that the earth and the other planets revolved round the sun. For the first time in human history, there is a growing worldwide consciousness that the earth itself is a living organism — an enormous being of which we are parts. It has its own metabolic needs and vital processes which need to be respected and preserved.

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8. Q2. In the holistic and ecological view, the earth is seen as (a) a lifeless machine (b) a storehouse of resources (c) a living organism of which we are parts (d) a planet revolving round the sun

We have shifted — one hopes, irrevocably — from the mechanistic view to a holistic and ecological view of the world. It is a shift in human perceptions as revolutionary as that introduced by Copernicus who taught mankind in the sixteenth century that the earth and the other planets revolved round the sun. For the first time in human history, there is a growing worldwide consciousness that the earth itself is a living organism — an enormous being of which we are parts. It has its own metabolic needs and vital processes which need to be respected and preserved.

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9. Q3. In "one hopes, irrevocably", the word 'irrevocably' means (a) temporarily (b) in a way that cannot be reversed (c) secretly (d) gradually

We have shifted — one hopes, irrevocably — from the mechanistic view to a holistic and ecological view of the world. It is a shift in human perceptions as revolutionary as that introduced by Copernicus who taught mankind in the sixteenth century that the earth and the other planets revolved round the sun. For the first time in human history, there is a growing worldwide consciousness that the earth itself is a living organism — an enormous being of which we are parts. It has its own metabolic needs and vital processes which need to be respected and preserved.

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10. Q4. Describing the earth as "a living organism" with "metabolic needs and vital processes" is (a) an understatement (b) an extended metaphor (c) a pun (d) a simile introduced with 'like'

We have shifted — one hopes, irrevocably — from the mechanistic view to a holistic and ecological view of the world. It is a shift in human perceptions as revolutionary as that introduced by Copernicus who taught mankind in the sixteenth century that the earth and the other planets revolved round the sun. For the first time in human history, there is a growing worldwide consciousness that the earth itself is a living organism — an enormous being of which we are parts. It has its own metabolic needs and vital processes which need to be respected and preserved.

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11. Q5. In "It has its own metabolic needs and vital processes", the pronoun 'It' refers to (a) the sun (b) human history (c) the earth (d) the Green Movement

We have shifted — one hopes, irrevocably — from the mechanistic view to a holistic and ecological view of the world. It is a shift in human perceptions as revolutionary as that introduced by Copernicus who taught mankind in the sixteenth century that the earth and the other planets revolved round the sun. For the first time in human history, there is a growing worldwide consciousness that the earth itself is a living organism — an enormous being of which we are parts. It has its own metabolic needs and vital processes which need to be respected and preserved.

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12. Q6. The writer's cautious phrase "one hopes" in the first line shows that he (a) is certain the change will be reversed (b) cannot be sure the new perception is permanent (c) dislikes the Green Movement (d) is unaware of any shift in thinking

We have shifted — one hopes, irrevocably — from the mechanistic view to a holistic and ecological view of the world. It is a shift in human perceptions as revolutionary as that introduced by Copernicus who taught mankind in the sixteenth century that the earth and the other planets revolved round the sun. For the first time in human history, there is a growing worldwide consciousness that the earth itself is a living organism — an enormous being of which we are parts. It has its own metabolic needs and vital processes which need to be respected and preserved.

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13. Q1. The concept of sustainable development was popularised in 1987 by (a) the Brandt Commission (b) the World Commission on Environment and Development (c) the United Nations Estimates Committee (d) the World Resources Institute

The earth's vital signs reveal a patient in declining health. We have begun to realise our ethical obligations to be good stewards of the planet and responsible trustees of the legacy to future generations. The concept of sustainable development was popularised in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development. In its report it defined the idea as "Development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs", i.e., without stripping the natural world of resources future generations would need.

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14. Q2. According to the extract, sustainable development is development that (a) meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs (b) uses up resources as fast as possible (c) benefits only the present generation (d) halts all industrial growth

The earth's vital signs reveal a patient in declining health. We have begun to realise our ethical obligations to be good stewards of the planet and responsible trustees of the legacy to future generations. The concept of sustainable development was popularised in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development. In its report it defined the idea as "Development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs", i.e., without stripping the natural world of resources future generations would need.

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15. Q3. "The earth's vital signs reveal a patient in declining health" is (a) a simile (b) a metaphor treating the earth as a living patient (c) hyperbole (d) irony

The earth's vital signs reveal a patient in declining health. We have begun to realise our ethical obligations to be good stewards of the planet and responsible trustees of the legacy to future generations. The concept of sustainable development was popularised in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development. In its report it defined the idea as "Development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs", i.e., without stripping the natural world of resources future generations would need.

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16. Q4. In "good stewards of the planet and responsible trustees of the legacy", the word 'stewards' means (a) absolute owners (b) conquerors (c) caretakers who manage on behalf of others (d) temporary tenants

The earth's vital signs reveal a patient in declining health. We have begun to realise our ethical obligations to be good stewards of the planet and responsible trustees of the legacy to future generations. The concept of sustainable development was popularised in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development. In its report it defined the idea as "Development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs", i.e., without stripping the natural world of resources future generations would need.

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17. Q5. The writer's use of medical imagery ("vital signs", "declining health") supports the idea that (a) the earth is a living being whose condition must be diagnosed and healed (b) hospitals are major polluters (c) doctors should govern countries (d) the earth is beyond all hope

The earth's vital signs reveal a patient in declining health. We have begun to realise our ethical obligations to be good stewards of the planet and responsible trustees of the legacy to future generations. The concept of sustainable development was popularised in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development. In its report it defined the idea as "Development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs", i.e., without stripping the natural world of resources future generations would need.

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18. Q6. In "without compromising the ability of future generations", the word 'compromising' most nearly means (a) strengthening (b) negotiating (c) weakening (d) delaying

The earth's vital signs reveal a patient in declining health. We have begun to realise our ethical obligations to be good stewards of the planet and responsible trustees of the legacy to future generations. The concept of sustainable development was popularised in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development. In its report it defined the idea as "Development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs", i.e., without stripping the natural world of resources future generations would need.

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19. Q1. The cage in the Lusaka zoo labelled 'The world's most dangerous animal' contains (a) a lion (b) a cobra (c) a mirror (d) a crocodile

In the zoo at Lusaka, Zambia, there is a cage where the notice reads, 'The world's most dangerous animal'. Inside the cage there is no animal but a mirror where you see yourself. Thanks to the efforts of a number of agencies in different countries, a new awareness has now dawned upon the most dangerous animal in the world. He has realised the wisdom of shifting from a system based on domination to one based on partnership.

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20. Q2. The cage holds no animal but a mirror in which the visitor sees himself or herself, implying that (a) the zoo is poorly maintained (b) man himself is the world's most dangerous animal (c) mirrors frighten the visitors (d) wild animals have vanished from Zambia

In the zoo at Lusaka, Zambia, there is a cage where the notice reads, 'The world's most dangerous animal'. Inside the cage there is no animal but a mirror where you see yourself. Thanks to the efforts of a number of agencies in different countries, a new awareness has now dawned upon the most dangerous animal in the world. He has realised the wisdom of shifting from a system based on domination to one based on partnership.

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21. Q3. In "a new awareness has now dawned upon the most dangerous animal in the world", the phrase 'dawned upon' means (a) was imposed by law (b) began to be realised (c) was deliberately forgotten (d) was formally recorded

In the zoo at Lusaka, Zambia, there is a cage where the notice reads, 'The world's most dangerous animal'. Inside the cage there is no animal but a mirror where you see yourself. Thanks to the efforts of a number of agencies in different countries, a new awareness has now dawned upon the most dangerous animal in the world. He has realised the wisdom of shifting from a system based on domination to one based on partnership.

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22. Q4. The new awareness that has dawned upon man is the wisdom of shifting from a system based on domination to one based on (a) exploitation (b) competition (c) partnership (d) isolation

In the zoo at Lusaka, Zambia, there is a cage where the notice reads, 'The world's most dangerous animal'. Inside the cage there is no animal but a mirror where you see yourself. Thanks to the efforts of a number of agencies in different countries, a new awareness has now dawned upon the most dangerous animal in the world. He has realised the wisdom of shifting from a system based on domination to one based on partnership.

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23. Q5. The notice on the cage, with the mirror inside, is designed to provoke in the visitor (a) amusement at the zoo's sense of humour (b) uncomfortable self-realisation (c) admiration for dangerous beasts (d) fear of wild animals

In the zoo at Lusaka, Zambia, there is a cage where the notice reads, 'The world's most dangerous animal'. Inside the cage there is no animal but a mirror where you see yourself. Thanks to the efforts of a number of agencies in different countries, a new awareness has now dawned upon the most dangerous animal in the world. He has realised the wisdom of shifting from a system based on domination to one based on partnership.

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24. Q1. Scientists have catalogued about ______ living species. (a) 1.4 million (b) 100 million (c) 600 (d) 5.7 billion

Scientists have catalogued about 1.4 million living species with which mankind shares the earth. Estimates vary widely as regards the still-uncatalogued living species — biologists reckon that about three to a hundred million other living species still languish unnamed in ignominious darkness. One of the early international commissions which dealt, inter alia, with the question of ecology and environment was the Brandt Commission which had a distinguished Indian as one of its members — Mr L.K. Jha. The First Brandt Report raised the question — "Are we to leave our successors a scorched planet of advancing deserts, impoverished landscapes and ailing environment?"

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25. Q2. In "still languish unnamed in ignominious darkness", the word 'ignominious' most nearly means (a) glorious (b) scientific (c) tropical (d) shameful

Scientists have catalogued about 1.4 million living species with which mankind shares the earth. Estimates vary widely as regards the still-uncatalogued living species — biologists reckon that about three to a hundred million other living species still languish unnamed in ignominious darkness. One of the early international commissions which dealt, inter alia, with the question of ecology and environment was the Brandt Commission which had a distinguished Indian as one of its members — Mr L.K. Jha. The First Brandt Report raised the question — "Are we to leave our successors a scorched planet of advancing deserts, impoverished landscapes and ailing environment?"

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26. Q3. The distinguished Indian member of the Brandt Commission mentioned in the extract was (a) Lester R. Brown (b) Mr L.K. Jha (c) Nani Palkhivala (d) Edgar S. Woolard

Scientists have catalogued about 1.4 million living species with which mankind shares the earth. Estimates vary widely as regards the still-uncatalogued living species — biologists reckon that about three to a hundred million other living species still languish unnamed in ignominious darkness. One of the early international commissions which dealt, inter alia, with the question of ecology and environment was the Brandt Commission which had a distinguished Indian as one of its members — Mr L.K. Jha. The First Brandt Report raised the question — "Are we to leave our successors a scorched planet of advancing deserts, impoverished landscapes and ailing environment?"

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27. Q4. The estimate that three to a hundred million species still remain unnamed shows that (a) scientists are lazy (b) our knowledge of life on earth is still very incomplete (c) species cannot be counted at all (d) the earth has few species left

Scientists have catalogued about 1.4 million living species with which mankind shares the earth. Estimates vary widely as regards the still-uncatalogued living species — biologists reckon that about three to a hundred million other living species still languish unnamed in ignominious darkness. One of the early international commissions which dealt, inter alia, with the question of ecology and environment was the Brandt Commission which had a distinguished Indian as one of its members — Mr L.K. Jha. The First Brandt Report raised the question — "Are we to leave our successors a scorched planet of advancing deserts, impoverished landscapes and ailing environment?"

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28. Q5. The First Brandt Report asked whether we are to leave our successors (a) a rich and healthy planet (b) a scorched planet of advancing deserts, impoverished landscapes and ailing environment (c) a museum of extinct species (d) advanced technology and wealth

Scientists have catalogued about 1.4 million living species with which mankind shares the earth. Estimates vary widely as regards the still-uncatalogued living species — biologists reckon that about three to a hundred million other living species still languish unnamed in ignominious darkness. One of the early international commissions which dealt, inter alia, with the question of ecology and environment was the Brandt Commission which had a distinguished Indian as one of its members — Mr L.K. Jha. The First Brandt Report raised the question — "Are we to leave our successors a scorched planet of advancing deserts, impoverished landscapes and ailing environment?"

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29. Q6. The question "Are we to leave our successors a scorched planet of advancing deserts, impoverished landscapes and ailing environment?" gains its force from (a) statistics about population (b) vivid imagery of destruction confronting the present generation with its duty (c) a quotation from the Constitution (d) a humorous comparison

Scientists have catalogued about 1.4 million living species with which mankind shares the earth. Estimates vary widely as regards the still-uncatalogued living species — biologists reckon that about three to a hundred million other living species still languish unnamed in ignominious darkness. One of the early international commissions which dealt, inter alia, with the question of ecology and environment was the Brandt Commission which had a distinguished Indian as one of its members — Mr L.K. Jha. The First Brandt Report raised the question — "Are we to leave our successors a scorched planet of advancing deserts, impoverished landscapes and ailing environment?"

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30. Q1. According to Lester R. Brown, the earth's principal biological systems are (a) air, water, soil and sunlight (b) fisheries, forests, grasslands and croplands (c) coal, oil, gas and minerals (d) deserts, mountains, rivers and oceans

Mr Lester R. Brown in his thoughtful book, The Global Economic Prospect, points out that the earth's principal biological systems are four — fisheries, forests, grasslands, and croplands — and they form the foundation of the global economic system. In addition to supplying our food, these four systems provide virtually all the raw materials for industry except minerals and petroleum-derived synthetics. In large areas of the world, human claims on these systems are reaching an unsustainable level, a point where their productivity is being impaired. When this happens, fisheries collapse, forests disappear, grasslands are converted into barren wastelands, and croplands deteriorate.

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31. Q2. Mr Lester R. Brown made these observations in his book (a) The Indian Express (b) the Brandt Report (c) The Global Economic Prospect (d) The Ailing Planet

Mr Lester R. Brown in his thoughtful book, The Global Economic Prospect, points out that the earth's principal biological systems are four — fisheries, forests, grasslands, and croplands — and they form the foundation of the global economic system. In addition to supplying our food, these four systems provide virtually all the raw materials for industry except minerals and petroleum-derived synthetics. In large areas of the world, human claims on these systems are reaching an unsustainable level, a point where their productivity is being impaired. When this happens, fisheries collapse, forests disappear, grasslands are converted into barren wastelands, and croplands deteriorate.

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32. Q3. The four biological systems are called "the foundation of the global economic system" because they (a) are owned by governments (b) supply our food and virtually all raw materials for industry except minerals and petroleum-derived synthetics (c) exist only in rich countries (d) print the world's money

Mr Lester R. Brown in his thoughtful book, The Global Economic Prospect, points out that the earth's principal biological systems are four — fisheries, forests, grasslands, and croplands — and they form the foundation of the global economic system. In addition to supplying our food, these four systems provide virtually all the raw materials for industry except minerals and petroleum-derived synthetics. In large areas of the world, human claims on these systems are reaching an unsustainable level, a point where their productivity is being impaired. When this happens, fisheries collapse, forests disappear, grasslands are converted into barren wastelands, and croplands deteriorate.

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33. Q4. In "a point where their productivity is being impaired", the word 'impaired' means (a) improved (b) measured (c) recorded (d) weakened or damaged

Mr Lester R. Brown in his thoughtful book, The Global Economic Prospect, points out that the earth's principal biological systems are four — fisheries, forests, grasslands, and croplands — and they form the foundation of the global economic system. In addition to supplying our food, these four systems provide virtually all the raw materials for industry except minerals and petroleum-derived synthetics. In large areas of the world, human claims on these systems are reaching an unsustainable level, a point where their productivity is being impaired. When this happens, fisheries collapse, forests disappear, grasslands are converted into barren wastelands, and croplands deteriorate.

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34. Q5. When human claims on these systems reach an unsustainable level, the result is that (a) fisheries collapse, forests disappear, grasslands turn into barren wastelands and croplands deteriorate (b) population falls sharply (c) industries modernise (d) deserts begin to bloom

Mr Lester R. Brown in his thoughtful book, The Global Economic Prospect, points out that the earth's principal biological systems are four — fisheries, forests, grasslands, and croplands — and they form the foundation of the global economic system. In addition to supplying our food, these four systems provide virtually all the raw materials for industry except minerals and petroleum-derived synthetics. In large areas of the world, human claims on these systems are reaching an unsustainable level, a point where their productivity is being impaired. When this happens, fisheries collapse, forests disappear, grasslands are converted into barren wastelands, and croplands deteriorate.

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35. Q6. The phrase "human claims on these systems" refers to (a) legal disputes over land ownership (b) the demands people make on nature's systems by using them (c) scientific research projects (d) insurance claims after floods

Mr Lester R. Brown in his thoughtful book, The Global Economic Prospect, points out that the earth's principal biological systems are four — fisheries, forests, grasslands, and croplands — and they form the foundation of the global economic system. In addition to supplying our food, these four systems provide virtually all the raw materials for industry except minerals and petroleum-derived synthetics. In large areas of the world, human claims on these systems are reaching an unsustainable level, a point where their productivity is being impaired. When this happens, fisheries collapse, forests disappear, grasslands are converted into barren wastelands, and croplands deteriorate.

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36. Q1. In poor countries, local forests are being decimated mainly to (a) build houses and furniture (b) supply paper mills (c) procure firewood for cooking (d) clear land for factories

In a protein-conscious and protein-hungry world, over-fishing is common every day. In poor countries, local forests are being decimated in order to procure firewood for cooking. In some places, firewood has become so expensive that "what goes under the pot now costs more than what goes inside it". Since the tropical forest is, in the words of Dr Myers, "the powerhouse of evolution", several species of life face extinction as a result of its destruction.

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37. Q2. The remark "what goes under the pot now costs more than what goes inside it" means that (a) firewood for cooking has become costlier than the food being cooked (b) cooking pots are more expensive than food (c) cooking has been banned in some places (d) food prices have fallen everywhere

In a protein-conscious and protein-hungry world, over-fishing is common every day. In poor countries, local forests are being decimated in order to procure firewood for cooking. In some places, firewood has become so expensive that "what goes under the pot now costs more than what goes inside it". Since the tropical forest is, in the words of Dr Myers, "the powerhouse of evolution", several species of life face extinction as a result of its destruction.

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38. Q3. Over-fishing is common every day because the world is (a) fond of water sports (b) protein-conscious and protein-hungry (c) short of sailors (d) rich and idle

In a protein-conscious and protein-hungry world, over-fishing is common every day. In poor countries, local forests are being decimated in order to procure firewood for cooking. In some places, firewood has become so expensive that "what goes under the pot now costs more than what goes inside it". Since the tropical forest is, in the words of Dr Myers, "the powerhouse of evolution", several species of life face extinction as a result of its destruction.

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39. Q4. In "local forests are being decimated", the word 'decimated' most nearly means (a) carefully planted (b) scientifically measured (c) destroyed in large numbers (d) fenced and protected

In a protein-conscious and protein-hungry world, over-fishing is common every day. In poor countries, local forests are being decimated in order to procure firewood for cooking. In some places, firewood has become so expensive that "what goes under the pot now costs more than what goes inside it". Since the tropical forest is, in the words of Dr Myers, "the powerhouse of evolution", several species of life face extinction as a result of its destruction.

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40. Q5. Dr Myers calls the tropical forest "the powerhouse of evolution". This metaphor suggests that the forest (a) generates electricity for cities (b) is the richest natural workshop that produces and sustains species (c) is unusually hot and humid (d) supplies power to industry

In a protein-conscious and protein-hungry world, over-fishing is common every day. In poor countries, local forests are being decimated in order to procure firewood for cooking. In some places, firewood has become so expensive that "what goes under the pot now costs more than what goes inside it". Since the tropical forest is, in the words of Dr Myers, "the powerhouse of evolution", several species of life face extinction as a result of its destruction.

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41. Q6. The remark about the pot shows that deforestation has made even (a) the simplest act of cooking a costly burden for the poor (b) city life impossible (c) food itself scarce (d) cooking pots expensive

In a protein-conscious and protein-hungry world, over-fishing is common every day. In poor countries, local forests are being decimated in order to procure firewood for cooking. In some places, firewood has become so expensive that "what goes under the pot now costs more than what goes inside it". Since the tropical forest is, in the words of Dr Myers, "the powerhouse of evolution", several species of life face extinction as a result of its destruction.

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42. Q1. "Forests precede mankind; deserts follow" means that (a) forests came before man, and man's reckless destruction of them turns the land into deserts (b) deserts existed before forests (c) forests and deserts alternate naturally (d) mankind was born in the desert

It has been well said that forests precede mankind; deserts follow. The world's ancient patrimony of tropical forests is now eroding at the rate of forty to fifty million acres a year, and the growing use of dung for burning deprives the soil of an important natural fertiliser. The World Bank estimates that a five-fold increase in the rate of forest planting is needed to cope with the expected fuelwood demand in the year 2000. James Speth, the President of the World Resources Institute, said the other day, "We were saying that we are losing the forests at an acre a second, but it is much closer to an acre-and-a-half to a second."

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43. Q2. The world's ancient patrimony of tropical forests is now eroding at the rate of (a) 3.7 million acres a year (b) forty to fifty million acres a year (c) one acre a second (d) eight times the official rate

It has been well said that forests precede mankind; deserts follow. The world's ancient patrimony of tropical forests is now eroding at the rate of forty to fifty million acres a year, and the growing use of dung for burning deprives the soil of an important natural fertiliser. The World Bank estimates that a five-fold increase in the rate of forest planting is needed to cope with the expected fuelwood demand in the year 2000. James Speth, the President of the World Resources Institute, said the other day, "We were saying that we are losing the forests at an acre a second, but it is much closer to an acre-and-a-half to a second."

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44. Q3. The growing use of dung for burning is harmful because it (a) pollutes only the air (b) deprives the soil of an important natural fertiliser (c) makes fuel too cheap (d) destroys crops directly

It has been well said that forests precede mankind; deserts follow. The world's ancient patrimony of tropical forests is now eroding at the rate of forty to fifty million acres a year, and the growing use of dung for burning deprives the soil of an important natural fertiliser. The World Bank estimates that a five-fold increase in the rate of forest planting is needed to cope with the expected fuelwood demand in the year 2000. James Speth, the President of the World Resources Institute, said the other day, "We were saying that we are losing the forests at an acre a second, but it is much closer to an acre-and-a-half to a second."

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45. Q4. According to the World Bank, the rate of forest planting must increase ______ to cope with the expected fuelwood demand in the year 2000. (a) two-fold (b) five-fold (c) eight-fold (d) ten-fold

It has been well said that forests precede mankind; deserts follow. The world's ancient patrimony of tropical forests is now eroding at the rate of forty to fifty million acres a year, and the growing use of dung for burning deprives the soil of an important natural fertiliser. The World Bank estimates that a five-fold increase in the rate of forest planting is needed to cope with the expected fuelwood demand in the year 2000. James Speth, the President of the World Resources Institute, said the other day, "We were saying that we are losing the forests at an acre a second, but it is much closer to an acre-and-a-half to a second."

1 marks · mcq

46. Q5. James Speth's correction of "an acre a second" to "an acre-and-a-half to a second" is significant because it shows that (a) the earlier estimate was perfectly accurate (b) deforestation is happening even faster than experts had believed (c) the forests are now regrowing (d) all statistics are useless

It has been well said that forests precede mankind; deserts follow. The world's ancient patrimony of tropical forests is now eroding at the rate of forty to fifty million acres a year, and the growing use of dung for burning deprives the soil of an important natural fertiliser. The World Bank estimates that a five-fold increase in the rate of forest planting is needed to cope with the expected fuelwood demand in the year 2000. James Speth, the President of the World Resources Institute, said the other day, "We were saying that we are losing the forests at an acre a second, but it is much closer to an acre-and-a-half to a second."

1 marks · mcq

47. Q6. In "the world's ancient patrimony of tropical forests", the word 'patrimony' most nearly means (a) inherited estate or heritage (b) a business venture (c) a loan to be repaid (d) a heavy burden

It has been well said that forests precede mankind; deserts follow. The world's ancient patrimony of tropical forests is now eroding at the rate of forty to fifty million acres a year, and the growing use of dung for burning deprives the soil of an important natural fertiliser. The World Bank estimates that a five-fold increase in the rate of forest planting is needed to cope with the expected fuelwood demand in the year 2000. James Speth, the President of the World Resources Institute, said the other day, "We were saying that we are losing the forests at an acre a second, but it is much closer to an acre-and-a-half to a second."

1 marks · mcq

48. Q1. Article 48A of the Constitution of India provides that the State shall endeavour to (a) abolish casteism and untouchability (b) protect and improve the environment and safeguard the forests and wildlife (c) promote large-scale industries (d) conduct a census of wildlife

Article 48A of the Constitution of India provides that "the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country". But what causes endless anguish is the fact that laws are never respected nor enforced in India. (For instance, the Constitution says that casteism, untouchability and bonded labour shall be abolished, but they flourish shamelessly even after forty-four years of the operation of the Constitution.) A recent report of our Parliament's Estimates Committee has highlighted the near catastrophic depletion of India's forests over the last four decades. India, according to reliable data, is losing its forests at the rate of 3.7 million acres a year. Large areas, officially designated as forest land, "are already virtually treeless". The actual loss of forests is estimated to be about eight times the rate indicated by government statistics.

1 marks · mcq

49. Q2. According to reliable data, India is losing its forests at the rate of (a) 3.7 million acres a year (b) 3.7 thousand acres a year (c) forty to fifty million acres a year (d) an acre-and-a-half a second

Article 48A of the Constitution of India provides that "the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country". But what causes endless anguish is the fact that laws are never respected nor enforced in India. (For instance, the Constitution says that casteism, untouchability and bonded labour shall be abolished, but they flourish shamelessly even after forty-four years of the operation of the Constitution.) A recent report of our Parliament's Estimates Committee has highlighted the near catastrophic depletion of India's forests over the last four decades. India, according to reliable data, is losing its forests at the rate of 3.7 million acres a year. Large areas, officially designated as forest land, "are already virtually treeless". The actual loss of forests is estimated to be about eight times the rate indicated by government statistics.

1 marks · mcq

50. Q3. The writer cites the example of casteism, untouchability and bonded labour flourishing to prove that (a) social evils alone cause deforestation (b) laws in India are never respected nor enforced (c) the Constitution should be rewritten (d) forests protect the Constitution

Article 48A of the Constitution of India provides that "the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country". But what causes endless anguish is the fact that laws are never respected nor enforced in India. (For instance, the Constitution says that casteism, untouchability and bonded labour shall be abolished, but they flourish shamelessly even after forty-four years of the operation of the Constitution.) A recent report of our Parliament's Estimates Committee has highlighted the near catastrophic depletion of India's forests over the last four decades. India, according to reliable data, is losing its forests at the rate of 3.7 million acres a year. Large areas, officially designated as forest land, "are already virtually treeless". The actual loss of forests is estimated to be about eight times the rate indicated by government statistics.

1 marks · mcq

51. Q4. In "what causes endless anguish is the fact that...", the word 'anguish' most nearly means (a) joy (b) anger (c) distress (d) delay

Article 48A of the Constitution of India provides that "the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country". But what causes endless anguish is the fact that laws are never respected nor enforced in India. (For instance, the Constitution says that casteism, untouchability and bonded labour shall be abolished, but they flourish shamelessly even after forty-four years of the operation of the Constitution.) A recent report of our Parliament's Estimates Committee has highlighted the near catastrophic depletion of India's forests over the last four decades. India, according to reliable data, is losing its forests at the rate of 3.7 million acres a year. Large areas, officially designated as forest land, "are already virtually treeless". The actual loss of forests is estimated to be about eight times the rate indicated by government statistics.

1 marks · mcq

52. Q5. The statement that the actual loss of forests is about eight times the rate indicated by government statistics suggests that (a) official figures greatly understate the depletion of India's forests (b) the Estimates Committee exaggerated the loss (c) India's forests are actually growing (d) satellite data is unreliable

Article 48A of the Constitution of India provides that "the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country". But what causes endless anguish is the fact that laws are never respected nor enforced in India. (For instance, the Constitution says that casteism, untouchability and bonded labour shall be abolished, but they flourish shamelessly even after forty-four years of the operation of the Constitution.) A recent report of our Parliament's Estimates Committee has highlighted the near catastrophic depletion of India's forests over the last four decades. India, according to reliable data, is losing its forests at the rate of 3.7 million acres a year. Large areas, officially designated as forest land, "are already virtually treeless". The actual loss of forests is estimated to be about eight times the rate indicated by government statistics.

1 marks · mcq

53. Q6. The near catastrophic depletion of India's forests over the last four decades was highlighted by (a) the World Bank (b) a recent report of Parliament's Estimates Committee (c) the Brandt Commission (d) the United Nations study

Article 48A of the Constitution of India provides that "the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country". But what causes endless anguish is the fact that laws are never respected nor enforced in India. (For instance, the Constitution says that casteism, untouchability and bonded labour shall be abolished, but they flourish shamelessly even after forty-four years of the operation of the Constitution.) A recent report of our Parliament's Estimates Committee has highlighted the near catastrophic depletion of India's forests over the last four decades. India, according to reliable data, is losing its forests at the rate of 3.7 million acres a year. Large areas, officially designated as forest land, "are already virtually treeless". The actual loss of forests is estimated to be about eight times the rate indicated by government statistics.

1 marks · mcq

54. Q1. The three-year United Nations study of the environment was conducted using (a) satellites and aerial photography (b) telephone surveys (c) village land records (d) census questionnaires

A three-year study using satellites and aerial photography conducted by the United Nations, warns that the environment has deteriorated so badly that it is 'critical' in many of the eighty-eight countries investigated. There can be no doubt that the growth of world population is one of the strongest factors distorting the future of human society. It took mankind more than a million years to reach the first billion. That was the world population around the year 1800. By the year 1900, a second billion was added, and the twentieth century has added another 3.7 billion. The present world population is estimated at 5.7 billion. Every four days the world population increases by one million.

1 marks · mcq

55. Q2. The UN study warned that the environment has become 'critical' in many of the ______ countries investigated. (a) forty-four (b) eighty-eight (c) ninety-eight (d) eight

A three-year study using satellites and aerial photography conducted by the United Nations, warns that the environment has deteriorated so badly that it is 'critical' in many of the eighty-eight countries investigated. There can be no doubt that the growth of world population is one of the strongest factors distorting the future of human society. It took mankind more than a million years to reach the first billion. That was the world population around the year 1800. By the year 1900, a second billion was added, and the twentieth century has added another 3.7 billion. The present world population is estimated at 5.7 billion. Every four days the world population increases by one million.

1 marks · mcq

56. Q3. Mankind took more than a million years to reach its first billion, which was the world population around the year (a) 1800 (b) 1900 (c) 1972 (d) 1994

A three-year study using satellites and aerial photography conducted by the United Nations, warns that the environment has deteriorated so badly that it is 'critical' in many of the eighty-eight countries investigated. There can be no doubt that the growth of world population is one of the strongest factors distorting the future of human society. It took mankind more than a million years to reach the first billion. That was the world population around the year 1800. By the year 1900, a second billion was added, and the twentieth century has added another 3.7 billion. The present world population is estimated at 5.7 billion. Every four days the world population increases by one million.

1 marks · mcq

57. Q4. The population figures — a million years for the first billion, a century for the second, and another 3.7 billion in the twentieth century — show that population growth is (a) slowing down (b) steady and stable (c) accelerating dangerously (d) declining everywhere

A three-year study using satellites and aerial photography conducted by the United Nations, warns that the environment has deteriorated so badly that it is 'critical' in many of the eighty-eight countries investigated. There can be no doubt that the growth of world population is one of the strongest factors distorting the future of human society. It took mankind more than a million years to reach the first billion. That was the world population around the year 1800. By the year 1900, a second billion was added, and the twentieth century has added another 3.7 billion. The present world population is estimated at 5.7 billion. Every four days the world population increases by one million.

1 marks · mcq

58. Q5. In "one of the strongest factors distorting the future of human society", the word 'distorting' most nearly means (a) building up (b) warping out of shape (c) carefully planning (d) gently guiding

A three-year study using satellites and aerial photography conducted by the United Nations, warns that the environment has deteriorated so badly that it is 'critical' in many of the eighty-eight countries investigated. There can be no doubt that the growth of world population is one of the strongest factors distorting the future of human society. It took mankind more than a million years to reach the first billion. That was the world population around the year 1800. By the year 1900, a second billion was added, and the twentieth century has added another 3.7 billion. The present world population is estimated at 5.7 billion. Every four days the world population increases by one million.

1 marks · mcq

59. Q6. The present world population, as estimated in the extract, is (a) 920 million (b) 5.7 billion (c) 88 billion (d) 1.4 million

A three-year study using satellites and aerial photography conducted by the United Nations, warns that the environment has deteriorated so badly that it is 'critical' in many of the eighty-eight countries investigated. There can be no doubt that the growth of world population is one of the strongest factors distorting the future of human society. It took mankind more than a million years to reach the first billion. That was the world population around the year 1800. By the year 1900, a second billion was added, and the twentieth century has added another 3.7 billion. The present world population is estimated at 5.7 billion. Every four days the world population increases by one million.

1 marks · mcq

60. Q1. By "development is the best contraceptive", the author means that (a) contraceptives should be banned (b) rising incomes, spread of education and better health naturally bring fertility down (c) only the rich should have children (d) poverty automatically limits families

Fertility falls as incomes rise, education spreads, and health improves. Thus development is the best contraceptive. But development itself may not be possible if the present increase in numbers continues. The rich get richer, and the poor beget children which condemns them to remain poor. More children does not mean more workers, merely more people without work. It is not suggested that human beings be treated like cattle and compulsorily sterilised. But there is no alternative to voluntary family planning without introducing an element of coercion. The choice is really between control of population and perpetuation of poverty.

1 marks · mcq

61. Q2. "The rich get richer, and the poor beget children which condemns them to remain poor" describes (a) the cycle of poverty kept alive by unchecked population growth (b) the generosity of the wealthy (c) the success of family planning (d) the benefits of large families

Fertility falls as incomes rise, education spreads, and health improves. Thus development is the best contraceptive. But development itself may not be possible if the present increase in numbers continues. The rich get richer, and the poor beget children which condemns them to remain poor. More children does not mean more workers, merely more people without work. It is not suggested that human beings be treated like cattle and compulsorily sterilised. But there is no alternative to voluntary family planning without introducing an element of coercion. The choice is really between control of population and perpetuation of poverty.

1 marks · mcq

62. Q3. In this extract, the word 'contraceptive' refers to a means of (a) curing disease (b) preventing conception and checking population growth (c) increasing income (d) spreading education

Fertility falls as incomes rise, education spreads, and health improves. Thus development is the best contraceptive. But development itself may not be possible if the present increase in numbers continues. The rich get richer, and the poor beget children which condemns them to remain poor. More children does not mean more workers, merely more people without work. It is not suggested that human beings be treated like cattle and compulsorily sterilised. But there is no alternative to voluntary family planning without introducing an element of coercion. The choice is really between control of population and perpetuation of poverty.

1 marks · mcq

63. Q4. The author rejects the idea of treating human beings like cattle and (a) compulsorily sterilising them (b) giving them free education (c) employing them on farms (d) taxing large families

Fertility falls as incomes rise, education spreads, and health improves. Thus development is the best contraceptive. But development itself may not be possible if the present increase in numbers continues. The rich get richer, and the poor beget children which condemns them to remain poor. More children does not mean more workers, merely more people without work. It is not suggested that human beings be treated like cattle and compulsorily sterilised. But there is no alternative to voluntary family planning without introducing an element of coercion. The choice is really between control of population and perpetuation of poverty.

1 marks · mcq

64. Q5. According to the author, the real choice before humanity is between (a) the rich and the poor (b) industry and agriculture (c) control of population and perpetuation of poverty (d) coercion and freedom

Fertility falls as incomes rise, education spreads, and health improves. Thus development is the best contraceptive. But development itself may not be possible if the present increase in numbers continues. The rich get richer, and the poor beget children which condemns them to remain poor. More children does not mean more workers, merely more people without work. It is not suggested that human beings be treated like cattle and compulsorily sterilised. But there is no alternative to voluntary family planning without introducing an element of coercion. The choice is really between control of population and perpetuation of poverty.

1 marks · mcq

65. Q6. "More children does not mean more workers, merely more people without work" implies that in a poor economy (a) large families add to unemployment rather than to income (b) children work harder than adults (c) jobs are plentiful for all (d) no workers are needed

Fertility falls as incomes rise, education spreads, and health improves. Thus development is the best contraceptive. But development itself may not be possible if the present increase in numbers continues. The rich get richer, and the poor beget children which condemns them to remain poor. More children does not mean more workers, merely more people without work. It is not suggested that human beings be treated like cattle and compulsorily sterilised. But there is no alternative to voluntary family planning without introducing an element of coercion. The choice is really between control of population and perpetuation of poverty.

1 marks · mcq

66. Q1. India's population of 920 million is more than the entire populations of (a) China and Japan put together (b) Africa and South America put together (c) Europe and Asia put together (d) the USA and Canada put together

The population of India is estimated to be 920 million today — more than the entire populations of Africa and South America put together. No one familiar with the conditions in India would doubt that the hope of the people would die in their hungry hutments unless population control is given topmost priority. For the first time in human history we see a transcending concern — the survival not just of the people but of the planet. We have begun to take a holistic view of the very basis of our existence. The environmental problem does not necessarily signal our demise, it is our passport for the future. The emerging new world vision has ushered in the Era of Responsibility. It is a holistic view, an ecological view, seeing the world as an integrated whole rather than a dissociated collection of parts.

1 marks · mcq

67. Q2. The hope of the people would die in their hungry hutments unless (a) industries expand rapidly (b) population control is given topmost priority (c) food is imported in bulk (d) cities keep growing

The population of India is estimated to be 920 million today — more than the entire populations of Africa and South America put together. No one familiar with the conditions in India would doubt that the hope of the people would die in their hungry hutments unless population control is given topmost priority. For the first time in human history we see a transcending concern — the survival not just of the people but of the planet. We have begun to take a holistic view of the very basis of our existence. The environmental problem does not necessarily signal our demise, it is our passport for the future. The emerging new world vision has ushered in the Era of Responsibility. It is a holistic view, an ecological view, seeing the world as an integrated whole rather than a dissociated collection of parts.

1 marks · mcq

68. Q3. In "we see a transcending concern", the word 'transcending' most nearly means (a) going beyond ordinary limits (b) falling short of the target (c) remaining narrowly selfish (d) lasting only briefly

The population of India is estimated to be 920 million today — more than the entire populations of Africa and South America put together. No one familiar with the conditions in India would doubt that the hope of the people would die in their hungry hutments unless population control is given topmost priority. For the first time in human history we see a transcending concern — the survival not just of the people but of the planet. We have begun to take a holistic view of the very basis of our existence. The environmental problem does not necessarily signal our demise, it is our passport for the future. The emerging new world vision has ushered in the Era of Responsibility. It is a holistic view, an ecological view, seeing the world as an integrated whole rather than a dissociated collection of parts.

1 marks · mcq

69. Q4. "The environmental problem does not necessarily signal our demise, it is our passport for the future" means that (a) the crisis is certain to destroy mankind (b) if the crisis awakens us to change, it becomes our means of entry to a sustainable future (c) travel documents will be needed (d) the problem is only imaginary

The population of India is estimated to be 920 million today — more than the entire populations of Africa and South America put together. No one familiar with the conditions in India would doubt that the hope of the people would die in their hungry hutments unless population control is given topmost priority. For the first time in human history we see a transcending concern — the survival not just of the people but of the planet. We have begun to take a holistic view of the very basis of our existence. The environmental problem does not necessarily signal our demise, it is our passport for the future. The emerging new world vision has ushered in the Era of Responsibility. It is a holistic view, an ecological view, seeing the world as an integrated whole rather than a dissociated collection of parts.

1 marks · mcq

70. Q5. The emerging new world vision, called the Era of Responsibility, is (a) a mechanistic view of resources (b) a holistic, ecological view seeing the world as an integrated whole (c) an industrial view of growth (d) a political view of power

The population of India is estimated to be 920 million today — more than the entire populations of Africa and South America put together. No one familiar with the conditions in India would doubt that the hope of the people would die in their hungry hutments unless population control is given topmost priority. For the first time in human history we see a transcending concern — the survival not just of the people but of the planet. We have begun to take a holistic view of the very basis of our existence. The environmental problem does not necessarily signal our demise, it is our passport for the future. The emerging new world vision has ushered in the Era of Responsibility. It is a holistic view, an ecological view, seeing the world as an integrated whole rather than a dissociated collection of parts.

1 marks · mcq

71. Q6. The author calls the present concern "a transcending concern" because, for the first time in human history, it goes beyond (a) the survival of the people alone to the survival of the planet itself (b) India to the rest of the world (c) the poor to the rich (d) the present to the past

The population of India is estimated to be 920 million today — more than the entire populations of Africa and South America put together. No one familiar with the conditions in India would doubt that the hope of the people would die in their hungry hutments unless population control is given topmost priority. For the first time in human history we see a transcending concern — the survival not just of the people but of the planet. We have begun to take a holistic view of the very basis of our existence. The environmental problem does not necessarily signal our demise, it is our passport for the future. The emerging new world vision has ushered in the Era of Responsibility. It is a holistic view, an ecological view, seeing the world as an integrated whole rather than a dissociated collection of parts.

1 marks · mcq

72. Q1. Mr Edgar S. Woolard, Chairman of Du Pont, declared himself to be the Company's (a) Chief Executive Officer (b) Chief Environmental Officer (c) Chief Financial Officer (d) Chief Production Officer

Industry has a most crucial role to play in this new Era of Responsibility. What a transformation would be effected if more businessmen shared the view of the Chairman of Du Pont, Mr Edgar S. Woolard who, five years ago, declared himself to be the Company's "Chief Environmental Officer". He said, "Our continued existence as a leading manufacturer requires that we excel in environmental performance." Of all the statements made by Margaret Thatcher during the years of her Prime Ministership, none has passed so decisively into the current coin of English usage as her felicitous words: "No generation has a freehold on this earth. All we have is a life tenancy — with a full repairing lease". In the words of Mr Lester Brown, "We have not inherited this earth from our forefathers; we have borrowed it from our children."

1 marks · mcq

73. Q2. Margaret Thatcher's words "No generation has a freehold on this earth. All we have is a life tenancy — with a full repairing lease" mean that (a) every generation owns the earth permanently (b) each generation only occupies the earth for its lifetime and must hand it on in good repair (c) the earth should be sold to developers (d) tenancy laws protect the environment

Industry has a most crucial role to play in this new Era of Responsibility. What a transformation would be effected if more businessmen shared the view of the Chairman of Du Pont, Mr Edgar S. Woolard who, five years ago, declared himself to be the Company's "Chief Environmental Officer". He said, "Our continued existence as a leading manufacturer requires that we excel in environmental performance." Of all the statements made by Margaret Thatcher during the years of her Prime Ministership, none has passed so decisively into the current coin of English usage as her felicitous words: "No generation has a freehold on this earth. All we have is a life tenancy — with a full repairing lease". In the words of Mr Lester Brown, "We have not inherited this earth from our forefathers; we have borrowed it from our children."

1 marks · mcq

74. Q3. In Thatcher's statement, the word 'freehold' means (a) permanent, absolute ownership (b) a short-term rental (c) a mortgage on property (d) a gift to future generations

Industry has a most crucial role to play in this new Era of Responsibility. What a transformation would be effected if more businessmen shared the view of the Chairman of Du Pont, Mr Edgar S. Woolard who, five years ago, declared himself to be the Company's "Chief Environmental Officer". He said, "Our continued existence as a leading manufacturer requires that we excel in environmental performance." Of all the statements made by Margaret Thatcher during the years of her Prime Ministership, none has passed so decisively into the current coin of English usage as her felicitous words: "No generation has a freehold on this earth. All we have is a life tenancy — with a full repairing lease". In the words of Mr Lester Brown, "We have not inherited this earth from our forefathers; we have borrowed it from our children."

1 marks · mcq

75. Q4. Lester Brown's "We have not inherited this earth from our forefathers; we have borrowed it from our children" conveys that (a) the earth belongs to the present generation (b) we must pass the earth on undamaged, for its real owners are the future generations (c) our forefathers were careless (d) children should repay our debts

Industry has a most crucial role to play in this new Era of Responsibility. What a transformation would be effected if more businessmen shared the view of the Chairman of Du Pont, Mr Edgar S. Woolard who, five years ago, declared himself to be the Company's "Chief Environmental Officer". He said, "Our continued existence as a leading manufacturer requires that we excel in environmental performance." Of all the statements made by Margaret Thatcher during the years of her Prime Ministership, none has passed so decisively into the current coin of English usage as her felicitous words: "No generation has a freehold on this earth. All we have is a life tenancy — with a full repairing lease". In the words of Mr Lester Brown, "We have not inherited this earth from our forefathers; we have borrowed it from our children."

1 marks · mcq

76. Q5. Woolard's statement "Our continued existence as a leading manufacturer requires that we excel in environmental performance" shows that (a) industry's own survival is linked to caring for the environment (b) Du Pont is about to close down (c) laws forced him to make the claim (d) manufacturing causes no harm

Industry has a most crucial role to play in this new Era of Responsibility. What a transformation would be effected if more businessmen shared the view of the Chairman of Du Pont, Mr Edgar S. Woolard who, five years ago, declared himself to be the Company's "Chief Environmental Officer". He said, "Our continued existence as a leading manufacturer requires that we excel in environmental performance." Of all the statements made by Margaret Thatcher during the years of her Prime Ministership, none has passed so decisively into the current coin of English usage as her felicitous words: "No generation has a freehold on this earth. All we have is a life tenancy — with a full repairing lease". In the words of Mr Lester Brown, "We have not inherited this earth from our forefathers; we have borrowed it from our children."

1 marks · mcq

77. Q6. Brown's remark gains its force mainly from (a) the striking reversal of the usual idea of inheritance from forefathers (b) a long list of statistics (c) rhyme and rhythm (d) an official government source

Industry has a most crucial role to play in this new Era of Responsibility. What a transformation would be effected if more businessmen shared the view of the Chairman of Du Pont, Mr Edgar S. Woolard who, five years ago, declared himself to be the Company's "Chief Environmental Officer". He said, "Our continued existence as a leading manufacturer requires that we excel in environmental performance." Of all the statements made by Margaret Thatcher during the years of her Prime Ministership, none has passed so decisively into the current coin of English usage as her felicitous words: "No generation has a freehold on this earth. All we have is a life tenancy — with a full repairing lease". In the words of Mr Lester Brown, "We have not inherited this earth from our forefathers; we have borrowed it from our children."

2 marks · short

78. Q1. How, according to the writer, has the Green Movement gripped the human race?

2 marks · short

79. Q2. What is the difference between the mechanistic view and the holistic and ecological view of the world?

2 marks · short

80. Q3. Why does the writer compare the Green Movement's shift in perception to Copernicus's revolution?

2 marks · short

81. Q4. Who published the idea of sustainable development, and how did it define it?

2 marks · short

82. Q5. What is the significance of the notice and the mirror in the cage at Lusaka zoo?

2 marks · short

83. Q6. Who was L.K. Jha, and with which commission was he associated?

2 marks · short

84. Q7. What according to Lester Brown are the earth's principal biological systems, and why do they matter?

2 marks · short

85. Q8. What happens when human claims on the biological systems become unsustainable?

2 marks · short

86. Q9. Why is over-fishing common in today's world?

2 marks · short

87. Q10. Explain the expression "what goes under the pot now costs more than what goes inside it".

2 marks · short

88. Q11. What does the expression "forests precede mankind; deserts follow" convey?

2 marks · short

89. Q12. What does Article 48A of the Constitution of India provide?

2 marks · short

90. Q13. What did the report of Parliament's Estimates Committee reveal about India's forests?

2 marks · short

91. Q14. What did the three-year study conducted by the United Nations conclude?

2 marks · short

92. Q15. What does the author mean by "development is the best contraceptive"?

2 marks · short

93. Q16. Why does the author reject compulsory sterilisation as a solution to population growth?

2 marks · short

94. Q17. What comparison does the author make about India's population, and why?

2 marks · short

95. Q18. What is the "Era of Responsibility" that the author speaks of?

2 marks · short

96. Q19. What transformation would come about if more businessmen shared Edgar Woolard's view?

2 marks · short

97. Q20. What does the phrase "life tenancy with a full repairing lease" mean in Margaret Thatcher's statement?

3 marks · short

98. Q1. How has human perception of the earth changed because of the Green Movement?

3 marks · short

99. Q2. Describe the earth's principal biological systems and their importance, as explained by Lester Brown.

3 marks · short

100. Q3. How are the earth's biological systems being depleted, according to the chapter?

3 marks · short

101. Q4. "There can be no doubt that the growth of world population is one of the strongest factors distorting the future of human society." Justify this statement with evidence from the chapter.

3 marks · short

102. Q5. Why does the author say that laws are never respected nor enforced in India? What examples does he give?

3 marks · short

103. Q6. Justify the title "The Ailing Planet: the Green Movement's Role".

3 marks · short

104. Q7. Explain the statement: "The environmental problem does not necessarily signal our demise, it is our passport for the future."

3 marks · short

105. Q8. What role does the author assign to industry in the new Era of Responsibility?

3 marks · short

106. Q9. What is meant by sustainable development, and why is it necessary?

3 marks · short

107. Q10. Explain the imagery of the earth as a patient and man as the most dangerous animal.

3 marks · short

108. Q11. Summarise the picture of deforestation that the chapter presents.

3 marks · short

109. Q12. How does the author link population growth with poverty? What remedy does he suggest?

3 marks · short

110. Q13. What does the author mean by saying that the Green Movement has caused a shift "from a system based on domination to one based on partnership"?

3 marks · short

111. Q14. "The choice is really between control of population and perpetuation of poverty." Explain the dilemma the author presents.

3 marks · short

112. Q15. What values does the chapter seek to instil in the reader about our obligations to the earth?

5 marks · broad

113. Q1. What is the central theme of "The Ailing Planet: the Green Movement's Role"? How does the author develop it?

5 marks · broad

114. Q2. "We have not inherited this earth from our forefathers; we have borrowed it from our children." Discuss the significance of this statement in the context of the chapter.

5 marks · broad

115. Q3. How does the author establish that the earth's biological systems are in danger? What consequences does he predict?

5 marks · broad

116. Q4. Discuss the significance of the cage at the Lusaka zoo and the change in the "most dangerous animal" that the author describes.

5 marks · broad

117. Q5. "The choice is really between control of population and perpetuation of poverty." Elaborate the author's views on population growth and its impact on the future of human society.

5 marks · broad

118. Q6. Describe the new world vision that the author says is emerging. What part can industry and individuals play in it?

5 marks · broad

119. Q7. "The issues that he raised regarding the declining health of the earth continue to have relevance." How does the chapter remain relevant for readers today? Reflect on its message and values.