Class 11 Political Science: Rights in the Indian Constitution — Chapter Question Set

(c) Every country of the world has a Bill of Rights. — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

(b) All the rights given to citizens by law. — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

(c) People displaced by a big dam take out a rally demanding rehabilitation. — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

(d) Linguistic and religious minorities can demand that their children must not study in any educational institution except those managed by their own community. — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

(d) Making a speech — This is the textbook-supported choice for the question.

d) Indian Constitution — The textbook states: 26 Indian Constitution at Work Chapter Two RIGHTS IN THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION INTRODUCTION A constitution is not only about the composition of the various organs of government and the relations among them.

c) a document that sets limits on the powers of — The textbook states: As we studied in the last chapter, the constitution is a document that sets limits on the powers of the government and ensures a democratic system in which all persons enjoy certain rights.

b) Fundamental Rights — The textbook states: In this chapter, we shall study the Fundamental Rights contained in the Indian Constitution.

a) Constitution — The textbook states: Part three of the Constitution of India lists the Fundamental Rights and also mentions the limits on these rights.

d) in some respects, expanded — The textbook states: In the past six decades, the scope of rights has changed and in some respects, expanded.

c) 1982 — The textbook states: 27 Chapter 2: Rights in the Indian Constitution THE IMPORTANCE OF RIGHTS In 1982 during the construction work for Asian Games the government engaged a few contractors.

b) the flyovers and stadiums — The textbook states: These contractors employed a large number of very poor construction workers from different parts of the country to build the flyovers and stadiums.

a) kept in poor working conditions and were paid — The textbook states: These workers were kept in poor working conditions and were paid less than the minimum wages decided by the government.

d) Supreme Court — The textbook states: A team of social scientists studied their poor condition and petitioned the Supreme Court.

c) Fundamental Right — The textbook states: They argued that employing a person to work for less than the minimum prescribed wage amounts to begar or forced labour, which is a violation of the Fundamental Right against exploitation.

b) wages for their work — The textbook states: The court accepted this plea and directed the government to ensure that thousands of workers get the prescribed wages for their work.

a) Chuburi — The textbook states: A resident of Chuburi village of Morigaon district of Assam, Machal was charged of causing grievous injuries.

d) 1967 — The textbook states: Machal was treated successfully and doctors wrote twice to jail authorities in 1967 and 1996 that he was fit to stand trial.

c) 2005 — The textbook states: Machal Lalung remained in “judicial custody.’’ Machal Lalung was released in July 2005.

b) 54 years — The textbook states: He spent 54 years under custody during which his case never came up for hearing.

a) National Human Rights Commission — The textbook states: He was freed when a team appointed by the National Human Rights Commission intervened after an inspection of undertrials in the State.

d) wasted because a proper trial against him nev — The textbook states: Machal’s entire life was wasted because a proper trial against him never took place.

c) fair and speedy trial — The textbook states: Our Constitution gives every citizen the right to ‘life and liberty’: this means that every citizen must also have the right to fair and speedy trial.

b) Constitution — The textbook states: Machal’s case shows what happens when rights granted by the Constitution are not available in practice.

a) engineers? — The textbook states: What if those working with the construction contractor were engineers?

d) Indian Constitution — The textbook states: 28 Indian Constitution at Work In the case of the first instance also there was violation of rights provided in the Constitution.

c) due to them in the form of their rightful wag — The textbook states: As a result, workers could get what was due to them in the form of their rightful wages.

b) justice to these workers — The textbook states: The constitutional guarantee of the right against exploitation ensured justice to these workers.

a) Rights Both — The textbook states: Bill of Rights Both these examples show the importance of having rights and of the actual implementation of these rights.

d) always recognise these rights — The textbook states: A democracy must ensure that individuals have certain rights and that the government will always recognise these rights.

c) often a practice in most democratic countries — The textbook states: Therefore it is often a practice in most democratic countries to list the rights of the citizens in the constitution itself.

b) called the ‘bill of rights’ — The textbook states: Such a list of rights mentioned and protected by the constitution is called the ‘bill of rights’.

a) violation of these rights — The textbook states: A bill of rights prohibits government from thus acting against the rights of the individuals and ensures a remedy in case there is violation of these rights.

d) rights of the individual? — The textbook states: From whom does a constitution protect the rights of the individual?

c) person or private organisation — The textbook states: The rights of a person may be threatened by another person or private organisation.

b) protection of the government — The textbook states: In such a situation, the individual would need the protection of the government.

a) necessary that the government is bound to pro — The textbook states: So, it is necessary that the government is bound to protect the rights of the individual.

d) rights of the person — The textbook states: On the other hand, the organs of the government (the legislature, executive, bureaucracy or even the judiciary), in the course of their functioning, may violate the rights of the person.

c) INDIAN CONSTITUTION During — The textbook states: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS IN THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION During our freedom struggle, the leaders of the freedom movement had realised the importance of rights and demanded that the British rulers should respect rights of the people.

b) 1928 — The textbook states: The Motilal Nehru committee had demanded a bill of rights as far back as in 1928.

a) India — The textbook states: It was therefore, natural that when India became independent and the Constitution was being prepared, there were no I get it!

d) like a warrantee card that we get when we pur — The textbook states: The bill of rights is like a warrantee card that we get when we purchase a TV or a fan.

c) 1996 — The textbook states: 29 Chapter 2: Rights in the Indian Constitution Bill of rights in the South African Constitution The South African Constitution was inaugurated in December 1996.

b) South Africa — The textbook states: Its creation and promulgation took place at a time when South Africa still faced the threat of a civil war after the dissolution of the Apartheid government.

a) Bill — The textbook states: The South African Constitution says that its “Bill of Rights is a cornerstone of democracy in South Africa”.

d) culture, language and birth” — The textbook states: It forbids discrimination on the grounds of “race, gender , pr egnancy, marital status, ethnic or social origin, colour , age, disability, r eligion, conscience, belief, culture, language and birth”.

c) rights to the citizens — The textbook states: It grants perhaps the most extensive range of rights to the citizens.

b) enshrined in the constitution — The textbook states: A special constitutional court enforces the rights enshrined in the constitution.

a) them ‘fundamental rights’ — The textbook states: The Constitution listed the rights that would be specially protected and called them ‘fundamental rights’.

d) Constitution — The textbook states: The word fundamental suggests that these rights are so important that the Constitution has separately listed them and made special provisions for their protection.

The word fundamental suggests that these rights are so important that the Constitution has separately listed them and made special provisions for their protection. Do you think they involve violation of fundamental rights? The postcard writer says “Our children are educated and they are not willing to do the customary job of washing the feet of upper caste men, clear the left-overs after the marriage feast and wash the utensils.” Assuming that the facts given above are correct, you have to decide: Does this case involve violation of Fundamental Rights?

The Constitution listed the rights that would be specially protected and called them ‘fundamental rights’. The word fundamental suggests that these rights are so important that the Constitution has separately listed them and made special provisions for their protection. The postcard writer says “Our children are educated and they are not willing to do the customary job of washing the feet of upper caste men, clear the left-overs after the marriage feast and wash the utensils.” Assuming that the facts given above are correct, you have to decide: Does this case involve violation of Fundamental Rights?

These contractors employed a large number of very poor construction workers from different parts of the country to build the flyovers and stadiums. Machal’s case shows what happens when rights granted by the Constitution are not available in practice. The postcard writer says “Our children are educated and they are not willing to do the customary job of washing the feet of upper caste men, clear the left-overs after the marriage feast and wash the utensils.” Assuming that the facts given above are correct, you have to decide: Does this case involve violation of Fundamental Rights?

26 Indian Constitution at Work Chapter Two RIGHTS IN THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION INTRODUCTION A constitution is not only about the composition of the various organs of government and the relations among them. Machal’s entire life was wasted because a proper trial against him never took place. Have you read the Preamble to our Constitution?

The word fundamental suggests that these rights are so important that the Constitution has separately listed them and made special provisions for their protection. The Fundamental Rights are so important that the Constitution itself ensures that they are not violated by the government. Ordinary rights may be changed by the legislature by ordinary process of law making, but a fundamental right may only be changed by amending the Constitution itself.

26 Indian Constitution at Work Chapter Two RIGHTS IN THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION INTRODUCTION A constitution is not only about the composition of the various organs of government and the relations among them.

As we studied in the last chapter, the constitution is a document that sets limits on the powers of the government and ensures a democratic system in which all persons enjoy certain rights.

In this chapter, we shall study the Fundamental Rights contained in the Indian Constitution.

Part three of the Constitution of India lists the Fundamental Rights and also mentions the limits on these rights.

In the past six decades, the scope of rights has changed and in some respects, expanded.

27 Chapter 2: Rights in the Indian Constitution THE IMPORTANCE OF RIGHTS In 1982 during the construction work for Asian Games the government engaged a few contractors.

These contractors employed a large number of very poor construction workers from different parts of the country to build the flyovers and stadiums.

These workers were kept in poor working conditions and were paid less than the minimum wages decided by the government.

A team of social scientists studied their poor condition and petitioned the Supreme Court.

They argued that employing a person to work for less than the minimum prescribed wage amounts to begar or forced labour, which is a violation of the Fundamental Right against exploitation.

The court accepted this plea and directed the government to ensure that thousands of workers get the prescribed wages for their work.

A resident of Chuburi village of Morigaon district of Assam, Machal was charged of causing grievous injuries.

Machal was treated successfully and doctors wrote twice to jail authorities in 1967 and 1996 that he was fit to stand trial.

Machal Lalung remained in “judicial custody.’’ Machal Lalung was released in July 2005.

He spent 54 years under custody during which his case never came up for hearing.

He was freed when a team appointed by the National Human Rights Commission intervened after an inspection of undertrials in the State.

Machal’s entire life was wasted because a proper trial against him never took place.

Our Constitution gives every citizen the right to ‘life and liberty’: this means that every citizen must also have the right to fair and speedy trial.

Machal’s case shows what happens when rights granted by the Constitution are not available in practice.

What if those working with the construction contractor were engineers?

26 Indian Constitution at Work Chapter Two RIGHTS IN THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION INTRODUCTION A constitution is not only about the composition of the various organs of government and the relations among them. 26 Indian Constitution at Work Chapter Two RIGHTS IN THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION INTRODUCTION A constitution is not only about the composition of the various organs of government and the relations among them. As we studied in the last chapter, the constitution is a document that sets limits on the powers of the government and ensures a democratic system in which all persons enjoy certain rights. In this chapter, we shall study the Fundamental Rights contained in the Indian Constitution.

As we studied in the last chapter, the constitution is a document that sets limits on the powers of the government and ensures a democratic system in which all persons enjoy certain rights. 26 Indian Constitution at Work Chapter Two RIGHTS IN THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION INTRODUCTION A constitution is not only about the composition of the various organs of government and the relations among them. As we studied in the last chapter, the constitution is a document that sets limits on the powers of the government and ensures a democratic system in which all persons enjoy certain rights. In this chapter, we shall study the Fundamental Rights contained in the Indian Constitution. Part three of the Constitution of India lists the Fundamental Rights and also mentions the limits on these rights.

In this chapter, we shall study the Fundamental Rights contained in the Indian Constitution. As we studied in the last chapter, the constitution is a document that sets limits on the powers of the government and ensures a democratic system in which all persons enjoy certain rights. In this chapter, we shall study the Fundamental Rights contained in the Indian Constitution. Part three of the Constitution of India lists the Fundamental Rights and also mentions the limits on these rights. In the past six decades, the scope of rights has changed and in some respects, expanded.

Part three of the Constitution of India lists the Fundamental Rights and also mentions the limits on these rights. In this chapter, we shall study the Fundamental Rights contained in the Indian Constitution. Part three of the Constitution of India lists the Fundamental Rights and also mentions the limits on these rights. In the past six decades, the scope of rights has changed and in some respects, expanded. 27 Chapter 2: Rights in the Indian Constitution THE IMPORTANCE OF RIGHTS In 1982 during the construction work for Asian Games the government engaged a few contractors.

In the past six decades, the scope of rights has changed and in some respects, expanded. Part three of the Constitution of India lists the Fundamental Rights and also mentions the limits on these rights. In the past six decades, the scope of rights has changed and in some respects, expanded. 27 Chapter 2: Rights in the Indian Constitution THE IMPORTANCE OF RIGHTS In 1982 during the construction work for Asian Games the government engaged a few contractors. These contractors employed a large number of very poor construction workers from different parts of the country to build the flyovers and stadiums.

27 Chapter 2: Rights in the Indian Constitution THE IMPORTANCE OF RIGHTS In 1982 during the construction work for Asian Games the government engaged a few contractors. In the past six decades, the scope of rights has changed and in some respects, expanded. 27 Chapter 2: Rights in the Indian Constitution THE IMPORTANCE OF RIGHTS In 1982 during the construction work for Asian Games the government engaged a few contractors. These contractors employed a large number of very poor construction workers from different parts of the country to build the flyovers and stadiums. These workers were kept in poor working conditions and were paid less than the minimum wages decided by the government.

These contractors employed a large number of very poor construction workers from different parts of the country to build the flyovers and stadiums. 27 Chapter 2: Rights in the Indian Constitution THE IMPORTANCE OF RIGHTS In 1982 during the construction work for Asian Games the government engaged a few contractors. These contractors employed a large number of very poor construction workers from different parts of the country to build the flyovers and stadiums. These workers were kept in poor working conditions and were paid less than the minimum wages decided by the government. A team of social scientists studied their poor condition and petitioned the Supreme Court.